Because the larvae are in an abnormal host, they do not mature to adults but instead migrate

through the skin until killed by the host's inflammatory response. This migration causes

local intense itching and a red serpiginous lesion. Treatment with a single dose of oral ivermectin results in cure rates of 94–100%.

Ancylostomiasis (also anchylostomiasis or ankylostomiasis) is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. The name is derived from Greek ancylos αγκύλος "crooked, bent" and stoma στόμα "mouth".

Ancylostomiasis is also known as miner's anaemia, tunnel disease, brickmaker's anaemia and Egyptian chlorosis. Helminthiasis may also refer to ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. In the United Kingdom, if acquired in the context of working in a mine, the condition is eligible for Industrial Injuries Disability Benefit. It is a prescribed disease (B4) under the relevant legislation.§

Ancylostomiasis is caused when hookworms, present in large numbers, produce an iron deficiency anemia by sucking blood from the host's intestinal walls.

The infection causes a red, intensely pruritic (itchy) eruption. The itching can become very painful and if scratched may allow a secondary bacterial infection to develop. Cutaneous larva migrans usually heals spontaneously over weeks to months and has been known to last as long as one year. However, the severity of the symptoms usually causes those infected to seek medical treatment before spontaneous resolution occurs. Following proper treatment, migration of the larvae within the skin is halted and relief of the associated itching can occur in less than 48 hours (reported for thiabendazole).

This is separate from the similar cutaneous larva currens which is caused by "Strongyloides". Larva currens is also a cause of migratory pruritic eruptions but is marked by 1) migratory speed on the order of inches per hour 2) perianal involvement due to autoinfection from stool and 3) a wide band of urticaria.

Hookworm eggs are shed in the infected dog (or other animal) feces to the ground and beach sand, where they then develop over a period of 1–2 weeks into the infectious larval form (filariform larvae). The filariform larvae can burrow through intact skin that comes into contact with soil or sand that is contaminated with feces. Although they are able to infect the deeper tissues of animals (through to the lungs and then the intestinal tract), humans are incidental hosts and the larvae are only able to penetrate the epidermis of the skin and thus create the typical wormlike burrows visible underneath the skin. These parasites apparently lack the collagenase enzymes required to penetrate through the basement membrane deeper into the dermal layers of the skin.

Seabather's eruption is a pruritic dermatitis caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to the immature nematocysts of larval-stage Thimble Jellyfish ("Linuche unguiculata"), sea anemones ("Edwardsiella lineata") and other larval cnidarians.

It should not be confused with Swimmer's itch. However, the term "sea lice" is also sometimes used to describe Seabather's eruption.

Symptoms generally arise later after one takes a shower. It is unusual to notice the eruptions immediately. Symptoms can last from a few days up to two weeks, the shorter time being the norm.

An "Arcanobacterium haemolyticum" infection is any of several types of infection with the gram-positive bacillus "Arcanobacterium haemolyticum". It can cause an acute pharyngitis, and it may cause an exanthem characterized by an erythematous, morbilliform or scarlatiniform eruption involving the trunk and extremities.

Alphavirus infection may be caused by a Sindbis virus infection, and result in a cutaneous eruption of multiple, erythematous, 4- to 4-mm papules.

Lichen scrofulosorum (also known as "Tuberculosis cutis lichenoides") is a rare tuberculid that presents as a lichenoid eruption of minute papules in children and adolescents with tuberculosis. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, closely grouped, skin-colored to reddish-brown papules, often perifollicular and are mainly found on the abdomen, chest, back, and proximal parts of the limbs. The eruption is usually associated with a strongly positive tuberculin reaction.

Of the three tuberculids, the incidence of lichen scrofulosorum was found to be the lowest (2%) in a large study conducted in Hong Kong. This highlights its rarity and significance as an important marker of undetected tuberculosis.

Bacterial wilt of turfgrass is the only known bacterial disease of turf. The causal agent is the Gram negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis. The first case of bacterial wilt of turf was reported in a cultivar of creeping bentgrass known as Toronto or C-15, which is found throughout the midwestern United States. Until the causal agent was identified in 1984, the disease was referred to simply as C-15 decline. This disease is almost exclusively found on putting greens at golf courses where extensive mowing creates wounds in the grass which the pathogen uses in order to enter the host and cause disease.

Eczema herpeticum is a rare but severe disseminated infection that generally occurs at sites of skin damage produced by, for example, atopic dermatitis, burns, long term usage of topical steroids or eczema. It is also known as Kaposi varicelliform eruption, Pustulosis varioliformis acute and Kaposi-Juliusberg dermatitis.

Some sources reserve the term "eczema herpeticum" when the cause is due to human herpes simplex virus, and the term "Kaposi varicelliform eruption" to describe the general presentation without specifying the virus.

This condition is most commonly caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2, but may also be caused by coxsackievirus A16, or vaccinia virus. It appears as numerous umbilicated vesicles superimposed on healing atopic dermatitis. it is often accompanied by fever and lymphadenopathy. Eczema herpeticum can be life-threatening in babies.

Generalized vaccinia is a cutaneous condition that occurs 6–9 days after vaccination, characterized by a generalized eruption of skin lesions, and caused by the vaccinia virus.

Infantile acropustulosis (also known as "Acropustulosis of infancy") is an intensely itchy vesicopustular eruption of the hands and feet.

Involvement of scabies has been suggested.

infantile acropustulosis is characterized by itchy papules and vesicles that are similar to those found in scabies "mosquito like bites" but there is absence of the typical burrowing with S like burrows on the skin and can occur in small babies as opposed to scabies mostly found on children and young adults.

Red thread disease is a fungal infection found on lawns and other turfed areas. It is caused by the corticioid fungus "Laetisaria fuciformis" and has two separate stages. The stage that gives the infection its name is characterised by very thin, red, needle-like strands extending from the grass blade. These are stromata, which can remain viable in soil for two years. After germinating, the stromata infect grass leaf blades through their stomata. The other stage is visible as small, pink, cotton wool-like mycelium, found where the blades meet. It is common when both warmth and humidity are high.

Environment

"Laetisaria fuciformis", the fungus that causes red thread disease develops more often in cool (59-77°F) and wet conditions. These conditions are more present in the spring and fall when rainfall is higher and temperatures are slightly lower. Turf grass that is poor in nutrition and are slow growing are areas that are more susceptible to red thread disease. The fungus grows from the thread like red webbing structures called sclerotia. The sclerotia can survive in leaf blades, thatch, and soil for months to years. These areas that have been infected spread the disease by water, wind, and contaminated equipment. Since this fungus can survive for long periods of time it is essential to cure the infected area so further spreading of the disease does not occur.

Management

Managing red thread disease first starts by providing conditions that are not favorable for the fungal disease to develop. Having a balanced and adequate nitrogen fertilization program helps suppress the disease. This includes applying mild to substantial amounts of phosphorus and potassium to the turf. Other than properly fertilizing the turf, it is very important to maintain a soil pH between 6.5 and 7. Having a more basic pH creates less favorable conditions for a fungus to form. Reducing shade on turf areas also reduces chances of the fungal disease to form because shaded areas create a higher humidity near the turfs surface. Another technique to suppressing red thread disease is top dressing with compost. Suppression of the disease increases with the increase of compost used on the turf. Fungicides are not recommended to control red thread because the cost of chemical control is expensive and turf grasses usually recover from the disease quickly. If the use of fungicides is necessary, products containing strobilurins can be applied and can be very effective if applied before symptoms occur.

Hosts and symptoms

The hosts of the red thread disease only include turf grass. Turf grass is primarily present on home lawns and athletic fields. Some of these turf grass species include annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, pereninial ryegrass, fine fescue, and bermudagrass. These species of grass are not the only types of turf that can be diagnosed with red thread disease but are the most common hosts. Noticeable symptoms of red thread disease are irregular yellow patches on the turf that are 2 to 24 inches in diameter. Affected areas are diagnosed with faintly pinkish web like sclerotia on the leaf blades. This sclerotia is the fungus growing on the leaf blades. This sclerotia has a reddish to pink spider web look to it.

The first signs of infection are small irregular patches of brown/yellowing grass. Upon closer inspection, either the tiny red needles or the pink fluffy mycelium will be visible. As the infection spreads, the small patches will join to form large brown areas.

Creeping bentgrass ("Agrostis stolonifera") and annual bluegrasses ("Poa annua") are the makeup of most putting greens, as well as the preferred hosts of this pathogen. Specifically, Toronto (C-15), Seaside, and Nemisilla are the cultivars of creeping bentgrass most commonly affected. The bacteria enter the plant host and interfere with water and nutrient flow, causing the plant to look drought stressed and to take on a blueish-purple color. Additionally, symptoms of bacterial wilt of turf grass include yellow leaf spots, tan or brown spots, water soaked lesions, elongated yellow leaves and shriveling of aforementioned blue or dark green leaves.Since putting greens are not a pure stand of turf, some grass blades may be resistant to the bacterium and thus remain unharmed while the surrounding turf dies, rendering the putting surface inconsistent and unsightly, especially at high-end golf courses.

Prurigo is an itchy eruption of the skin.

Specific types include:

- Prurigo nodularis

- Actinic prurigo

- Besnier's prurigo (a specific type of atopic dermatitis).

Photoleukomelanodermatitis of Kobori is a cutaneous condition, a dyschromic drug eruption that occurs after ingestion of afloqualone, thiazides or tetracyclines, followed by exposure to sunlight.

Lichen striatus is defined by:

The papules could be smooth, flat topped or scaly. The band of lichen striatus varies from a few millimeters to 1-- 2 cm wide and extends from a few centimeters to the complete length of the extremity. By and big, the papules are unilateral and single on an extremity along the lines of Blaschko.

Erythema toxicum neonatorum (also known as erythema toxicum, urticaria neonatorum and toxic erythema of the newborn) is a common rash in neonates. It appears in up to half of newborns carried to term, usually between day 2–5 after birth; it does not occur outside the neonatal period.

Erythema toxicum is characterized by blotchy red spots on the skin with overlying white or yellow papules or pustules. These lesions may be few or numerous. The eruption typically resolves within first two weeks of life, and frequently individual lesions will appear and disappear within minutes or hours. It is a benign condition thought to cause no discomfort to the baby.

The rash is composed of small papular lesions, each on a separate reddened base.

Lichen striatus (also known as blaschko linear acquired inflammatory skin eruption and linear lichenoid dermatosis) is a rare skin condition that is seen primarily in children, most frequently appearing ages 5–15. It consists of a self-limiting eruption of small, scaly papules.

Urticarial allergic eruption is a cutaneous condition characterized by annular or gyrate urticarial plaques that persist for greater than 24 hours.

This infection affects multiple organs, including the eyes, brain, lung, and liver, and can be fatal.

Acne aestivalis (also known as Mallorca acne) is a special form of mono-morphic light eruption. It is a monomorphous eruption consisting of multiple, uniform, red, papular lesions, reported to occur after sun exposure.