Guidelines for diagnosing hypoprolactinemia are defined as prolactin levels below 3 µg/L in women, and 5 µg/L in men.

There are no treatments which increase prolactin levels in humans. Treatment differs based on the reason for diagnosis. Women who are diagnosed with hypoprolactinemia following lactation failure are typically advised to formula feed, although treatment with metoclopramide has been shown to increase milk supply in clinical studies. For subfertility, treatment may include clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins.