Roberts syndrome is an extremely rare condition that only affects about 150 reported individuals. Although there have been only about 150 reported cases, the affected group is quite diverse and spread worldwide. Parental consanguinity (parents are closely related) is common with this genetic disorder. The frequency of Roberts syndrome carriers is unknown.

The incidence rate of ATR-16 syndrome is not easy to estimate and it is thought to be underdiagnosed. Scientists have described more than 20 cases as of 2013.

The recurrence of DOOR in siblings and the finding of DOOR syndrome in a few families with consanguinity suggest that the condition is an autosomal recessive genetic condition. Mutations in TBC1D24 have been identified in 9 families.

Treatment with isotretinoin may induce substantial resolution of skin lesions, but the risk of secondary infection remains.

Lujan–Fryns syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant syndrome, and is therefore more common in males than females. Its prevalence within the general population has not yet been determined.

it is mainly associated with talon cusp. It is developmental anomaly of shape of teeth

ATR-16 syndrome is caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 16, from p13.3 (a band on the short end of the chromosome) to the end of the chromosome. These can either be due to a balanced translocation or a de novo deletion. The genes affected include hemoglobin, alpha 1 (HBA1) and hemoglobin, alpha 2 (HBA2).

At this time, there are no other phenotypes (observable expressions of a gene) that have been discovered for mutations in the ESCO2 gene.

The syndrome primarily affects young males. Preliminary studies suggest that prevalence may be 1.8 per 10,000 live male births. 50% of those affected do not live beyond 25 years of age, with deaths attributed to the impaired immune function.

The estimated prevalence of Jacobsen syndrome is believed to be approximately 1 out of every 100,000 births. For reasons unknown females are twice as likely to have Jacobsen Syndrome than males. No preference for any race or ethnicity has been reported so far.

Zamzam–Sheriff–Phillips syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder. It is characterized by aniridia, ectopia lentis, abnormal upper incisors and intellectual disability. Not a lot of research has been undertaken of this particular disease so thus far there is no known gene that affects this condition. However it has been hypothesised that the symptoms described are found at a particular gene, though intellectual disability is believed to be due to a different genetic cause.

Consanguinuity (intermarrying among relatives such as cousins), often associated with autosomal recessive inheritance, has been attributed to the inheritance of this disease.

Ramos-Arroyo syndrome is marked by corneal anesthesia, absence of the peripapillary choriocapillaris and retinal pigment epithelium, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, unusual facial appearance, persistent ductus arteriosus, Hirschsprung disease, and moderate intellectual disability. It appears to be a distinct autosomal dominant syndrome with variable expressivity.

As of 2008 this syndrome has only been reported in five individuals within three generations of the same family; two young children, their mother, their uncle and their maternal grandmother. This most recent generation to be diagnosed with Ramos-Arroyo syndrome supports the hypothesis that this disease is a distinct autosomal

dominant disorder. If this syndrome could be identified in other families it may help to discriminate the gene responsible.

Respiratory complications are often cause of death in early infancy.

Affected individuals have a somewhat shortened lifespan. The maximum described lifespan is 67 years. Adults with 13q deletion syndrome often need support services to maintain their activities of daily living, including adult day care services or housing services.

Marshall–Smith syndrome is not to be confused with:

- Marshall syndrome (aka.Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA syndrome, see also: Periodic fever syndrome)

- Sotos (like) syndrome

- Weaver-Smith syndrome (WSS)

PWS affects approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 25,000 newborns. There are more than 400,000 people who live with PWS around the world.

Mowat–Wilson syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that was clinically delineated by Dr. D. R. Mowat and Dr. M. J. Wilson in 1998.

Emanuel Syndrome can be diagnosed with a karyotype, with FISH, or with a chromosomal microarray analysis. .

Zunich–Kaye syndrome, also known as Zunich neuroectodermal syndrome, is a rare congenital ichthyosis first described in 1983. It is also referred to as CHIME syndrome, after its main symptoms (colobomas, heart defects, ichthyosiform dermatosis, intellectual disability, and either ear defects or epilepsy). It is a congenital syndrome with only a few cases studied and published.

The disorder is expressed in an autosomal dominant fashion and may result from a loss of function mutation or total deletion of the ZEB2 gene located on chromosome 2q22.

There is no specific treatment for micro syndrome, but there are ways to help the disorders, and illnesses that come with it. Many individuals with Micro Syndrome need permanent assistance from their disorders and inabilities to move and support themselves. Seizures are not uncommon and patients should get therapy to help control them, and many patients also require wheelchairs to move, so an assistant would be needed at all times.

Those with micro syndrome are born appearing normal. At the age of one, mental and physical delays become apparent, along with some limb spasms. By the age of eight micro syndrome has already set in, and the patient will have joint contractures, Ocular Atrophy will become noticeable, the patient will most likely lose ability to walk, speak, and sometimes move at all.

Bohring–Opitz syndrome (BOS) is a medical syndrome caused by a mutation in the ASXL1 gene. It is diagnosed by genetic testing and is characterised by characteristic craniofacial appearance, fixed contractures of the upper limbs, abnormal posture, feeding difficulties, intellectual disability, small size at birth, and failure to thrive. Some of these features are shared with other genetic syndromes.

Genetically, de novo truncating mutations in ASXL1 have been shown to account for approximately 50% of Bohring–Opitz syndrome cases.

The syndrome is extremely rare, with fewer than 80 known cases worldwide. The leading cause of death is respiratory infections. Children with BOS can have feeding difficulties, recurring respiratory infections, sleep apnea, developmental delay, failure to thrive, abnormal hair density and length, Wilm’s Tumors, brain abnormalities, silent aspiration, and other issues.

Distal trisomy 10 is a rare chromosomal disorder that causes several physical defects and intellectual disability.

Humans, like all sexually reproducing species, have somatic cells that are in diploid [2N] state, meaning that N represent the number of chromosomes, and 2 the number of their copies. In humans, there are 23 chromosomes, but there are two sets of them, one from mother and one from father, totaling in 46, that are arranged according to their size, function and genes they carry. Each cell is supposed to have two of each, but sometimes due to mutations or malfunctions during cell division, mistakes are made that cause serious health problems. One such error is the cause of Distal trisomy 10q disorder.

Each chromosome has two arms, labeled p (for petite, or short) and q (for long). If both arms are equal in length, the chromosome is said to be metacentric. If arms' lengths are unequal, chromosome is said to be submetacentric, and if p arm is so short that is hard to observe, but still present, then the chromosome is acrocentric. In Distal Trisomy 10q disorder, end or distal portion of the q (long) arm of the chromosome number 10 appears to be present three times, rather than two times as it is supposed to be. This extra arm results in chromosome 10 trisomy, meaning that three arms are present. Depending on the length of the aberrant arm, the severity can vary from case to case. Often the source of this chromosomal error is a translocation in one of the parents. Sometimes it occurs spontaneously, in which case it is termed "de novo".

This syndrome has a large range of outcomes depending on how much chromosomal material is involved. Outcomes include: very slow postnatal growth, hypotonia, lack of coordination skills and mild to severe cases of intellectual disability, digestive issues, and heart and kidney problems. Individuals with this disorder can also be distinguished by their facial features. Number of support groups do exist in the United States, where affected families can meet and discuss problems they encounter, possible treatments and can find emotional support.

Emanuel Syndrome does not have a cure, but individual symptoms may be treated. Assessments of individual systems, such as the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, orthopedic, and neurological may be necessary to determine the extent of impairment and options for treatment.

FG syndrome (FGS; also known as Opitz–Kaveggia syndrome) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by one or more recessive genes located on the X chromosome and causing physical anomalies and developmental delays. FG syndrome was named after the first letters of the surnames of the first patients noted with the disease. First reported by Opitz and Kaveggia in 1974, its major clinical features include intellectual disability, hyperactivity, hypotonia (low muscle tone), and a characteristic facial appearance including macrocephaly (an abnormally large head).