Abstract

Pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO; also known as pregnancy-associated osteoporosis PAO and pregnancy-related osteoporosis) is a rare condition that occurs during pregnancy and lactation, resulting in bone loss. This, in turn, leads to fragility fractures, generally in the spine or hip. The primary symptoms are severe back pain and physical disability.

The symptoms usually appear in the first pregnancy with the most common complaint being severe back pain The exact causes of the disease are not yet known, the symptoms often occur in the last trimester of pregnancy or shortly after birth. Related symptoms puerperium and during breastfeeding have also been reported.